cover.jpg 1920—year of the war with Poland. In the early months, the Red Army’s victories against the White Guards won a breathing-space in which it turned to assist in the reconstruction of the war-torn economy. The first Labour Armies were formed under Trotsky’s direction. Then came the Polish offensive. The Soviet Republic replied by swelling the ranks of the Red Army to five million and launching the contentious march on Warsaw. Beaten back outside the Polish capital, the Soviet forces nonetheless regained lost territories’ enabled the Bolsheviks to conclude a peace, and proceeded in the South to sweep the counter-revolutionary Wrangel into the sea. The third in a five-volume series, this book is part of an imperishable record of the struggle to defend the Soviet state in the years following the Russian Revolution. Long suppressed in the Soviet Union, these writings and speeches of the leader of the Red Army are here published in English for the first time.

Written: 1920
First Published: 1924 as Book Two of Volume II of Kak Vooruzhala Revolyutsiya by the Supreme Council for Military Publications, Moscow
Source: Materials and Documents on the History of the Red Army, The Military Writings and Speeches of Leon Trotsky How the Revolution Armed, Volume III: The Year 1920, New Park Publications, London, permission for publication on the Trotsky Internet Archive given by holders of the copyright, Index Books, London.
Translated (and edited) and Annotated: Brian Pearce
Orignal Footnotes (Endnotes): The original explanatory footnotes and other appendices were compiled by S.I. Ventsov. All contemporary references by the translator, Brian Pearce. All footnotes and endotes are combined herein. Notes by Leon Trotsky are indicated thusly: “—L. Trotsky”)
Transcription/HTML Markup: David Walters
Online Version: Leon Trotsky Internet Archive, 2002


Table of Contents

Foreword

The General Situation at the Beginning of 1920

Our work at building the army and our fronts (Report to the 7th All-Russia Congress of Soviets of Workers’, Peasants’, Red Army Men’s and Working Conssacks’ Deputies, December 7, 1919

The Labour Armies

The Transition To Universal Labour Service In Connection With The Militia System December 16, 1919

To The Revolutionary War Council Of The Third Army January 11, 1920

Order-Memorandum January 15, 1920

To The Working People February 4, 1920

On Mobilising The Industrial Proletariat, On Labour Service, On Militarising The Economy, And On The Utilisation Of Army Units For Economic Needs (Theses of the Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party) February 4, 1920

Bread for the Hungary! Food for the cold!

Wo is Ruining Transport? Who is Destroying the railways? Who is condemning the population to hunger and every other form of hardship?

Order b the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the First Labour Army February 24, 1920, No. 194, Yekaterinberg

Telegram No. 205

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic February 26, 1920,No. 195, Yekaterinberg

Basic Propositions of a Report to a Meeting of Members of the Yekaterinberg organization of the Russian Communist Party February 25, 1920

Theses of a Report to a Meeting of Communist Red Army men in Yekaterinberg, February 26, 1920

Order by the Revolutionary War Council of the First Labour Army, March 3, 1920, No.7, Yekaterinburg

Order by the Revolutionary War Council of the First Labour Army March 4, 1920, No. 198, Yekaterinberg

On the Labour Army (Talk with a Representative of the Soviet Press)

About the Organisation of Labour

The War with Poland

Death To The Polish Bourgeoisie

To the Red Fighter on the Polish Front

The Polish Front and Our Tasks

To all Workers, Peasants and Honourable Citizens of Russia

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the Western Front and the 12th Army, May 1, 19120, No. 209

The Polish Front A Talk with Representatives of the Soviet Press

The War with Poland (Report to the Joint Session of the All-Russia Central Executive Committee, the Moscow Soveit of Workers’s and Red Army Men’s Deputies, and the Leadership of the Trade Unions and Factory Committees, May 5, 1920)

The Polish Front: On The Occasion Of The Creation Of A Special Advisory Board Under The Commander-In-Chief

Order By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the forces of the Western front, May 8, 1920, No. 210, Smolensk

Kiev Is In The Hands Of The Polish Gentry!

Order By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the commissars and commanders of the Western front, May 9, 1920, No. 213

What Do They Want?

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the 16th Army, May 10, 1920, No. 214

Order By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Transport to the Province of Gomel. May, 10, 1920, No. 215, Gomel

Order By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the troops of the Western and South-Western fronts, May 10, 1920, No. 217, Gomel

for The Soviet Ukraine!

In A State Of Intoxication

That Which Is Soviet And That Which Is Of The Polish Gentry

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Transport, May 15, 1920, No. 220, Mogilev

About Bonar Law’s Speech

Postal Telegram No. 2886-a

Postal Telegram No. 2886-b

Speech At A Meeting In The Murom Railway Workshops

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic, June 30, 1920, No. 230, Moscow

A Necessary Correction

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the forces of the Western and South-Western fronts , July 17, 1920, No.231, Moscow

To The Workers, Peasants And All Honourable Citizens Of Soviet Russia And The Soviet Ukraine

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic, July 31, 1920, No. 232, Moscow

Theses - On the military-political campaign in connection with the conclusion of peace with Poland

Order - By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the Red forces fighting against White-Guard Poland, August 14, 1920, No. 233, Moscow

A Refutation

Order - By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the forces of the Western front, September 3, 1920, No. 239, Moscow

Order - By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the forces of the Western front September 3, 1920, No. 240, Moscow

Is A Second Lesson Needed?

Order - By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the Western Front and the zone adjoining the front, September 9, 1920, No.241, Minsk

We Are Stronger Than We Were

The Polish Gentry Do Not Want Peace

Order - By the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the Red Army and the Red Navy, September 24, 1920, No. 242, Moscow

Peace With Poland Has Been Achieved!

The Southern Front and the fight against Wrangel

Woe to those who do not carry matters to a finish!

On the front against Wrangel (Report to the Moscow Soviet of Workers’, Peasants’of Red Army Men’s and Cossacks’ Deputies, August, 1920)

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic, August 18, 1920, No. 234

We need a Southern frontier

The Last-Born

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the 9th Army, August 26, 1920, No. 236, Yekaterinodar

The Kuban has not risen

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the 13th Army and the 2nd Mounted Army, August 30, 1920, No. 239, Aleksandrovsk

A splendid blow

Comrade railwaymen

Wrangel’s landing (Talk with a representative of the Soviet press)

Memorandum of the Red Army man on the Southern front

What is the meaning of Makhno’s coming over to the side of the Soviet power?

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the armies of the Southern front, October 13; 1920, No. 246, Kharkov

Makhno and Wrangel (From the People’s Commissariat for Military Affairs)

 

Order to the War Department and the People’s Commissariat for transport, October 14, 1920, No. 247, Kharkov

How is Makhno’s troop organised?

The Southern front and a winter campaign

Let this be the last!

Don’t let them get away!

On various subjects (Articles, notes, orders, appeals)

A memorandum for certain newly-fledged Anglophiles

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the Red Army and the Red Navy, January 9, 1919, No. 74, Valuiki

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the Nikolayev Division, January 27, 1919, Pokrovsk, Saratov Province

To the Cossacks

A letter to the middle peasants, from the People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the Red Army, March 2, 1919, No. 81, Moscow

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the Red Army and the Red Navy, March 9, 1919, No. 83, Moscow

YA .M. Sverdlov (Obituary)

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the railway workers, March 18, 1919, No. 84, Ruzayevka station

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the peasants, March 18, 1919, No. 85, Ruzayevka station

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the Red Army, March 18, 1919, No. 86, Inza station

The Counter-Revolution at its Last Gasp

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the Red Army and the Red Navy, April 3, 1919, No. 88, Moscow

Which Government Is The More Stable?

To the Foreign Soldiers In North Russia

A Creeping Revolution

To The Comrade Printers, From The Front

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic and People’s Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs to the troops of the Northern front, April 20, 1919, No. 89, Vologda

The First of May

The Red Army

Order to the Red Army, August 7, 1919, No. 140, Konotop

The supply apparatus needs refreshing (To the Revolutionary War Councils)

Firing, or making a noise?

Draft of a letter to Party members in the Revolutionary War Councils of the Armies and fronts and heads of political departments

Order to the Revolutionay War Councils and Political Departments of the Armies and Fronts, October 14, 1919, No. 1692

Concerning two documents (To Revolutionary War Councils of Armies and Fronts)

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the Red Army and the Red Navy, December 17, 1919, No. 183, Moscow

Cossacks, form up in a Soviet column! (In connection with the forthcoming Cossack congress)

What is a good regiment and what is a bad one?

The Sacred Task of the Red Army

Proletarians of all lands, comrade workers!

Labour, the basis of life

Labour and war

Order by the Chairman of the Revolutionary War Council of the Republic to the Red Army and the Red Navy, June 15, 1920, No. 229, Moscow

Interview given to the British correspondent Mr Farbman

Interview given to the American correspondent Comrade Reed

Speech at a parade in honour of the Red commanders, in Red Square, October 2, 1920

Our Task in the Fourth Year

Communication to representatives of the Soviet press, November 29, 1920

Take care of the wounded and sick soldiers!

More concern for the Red soldier

The Day of the Wounded

To the Aid of the Sick and Wounded Red Army man (Letter to the Committee for Aid to the Sick and Wounded Red Army Men)

The working woman and the war

Prepare for Front Week

To women workers (Concerning Front Week)

Chronology of the most important military events


 

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